full term pregnant patients, ASA physical
status I or II, undergoing elective Cesarean section.
Exclusion criteria include obesity (weight > 115 kg),
short stature < than 152 cm, diabetes, pregnancyinduced
hypertension, chronic hypertension, heart
disease and multiple gestation. At the preoperative
visit, patients were instructed in the evaluation of pain
using the visual analog scores (VAS) of 0-10 cm (0 cm
= no pain, and 10 cm = the worst pain possible).